Articles and Publication Physics Quantum physics PRINCIPLES OF CHRONOQUANTUM MECHANICS
PRINCIPLES OF
CHRONOQUANTUM MECHANICS
© Oleg Orestovich
Feygin
NARPA ISTR UASNP
Kharkov, Ukraine
Contact to the author:
fond@online.kharkiv.com
www.geocites.com/fond_nauka
Discretely - temporally analysis of
canonical quantum-theoretical relations
shows that its substantive provisions can be interpreted
on a conceptual basis of a chronoquantum
mechanics [2, 3]. Dynamics of chronoquantums
assumes the approach to reviewing physical appearances
within the limits of some characteristic time scale. For quantum mechanical
processes by boundary magnitudes Planck parameters among which the interval of
time matters 10 ^ (-43)
sec serve. The following
point of a temporal dial, obviously, it is necessary to count time of life of
the easiest virtual particles - 10 ^
(-20) sec. The given temporal distance defines
a kinetics of localization of microplants on chosen of temporally
envelopes of an existential continuum /TEEC/
[7 - 9]. One of principal corollaries of TEEC-model
is presence of fundamental intervals of timelike's
processes - "chronoquantums".
Their existence can be connected, as with cosmological aspects of development of
the Universe under the script of "Big Bang" [1, 4], and with a
problematic of virtual particles in perfect vacuum.
In the present work the previous outcomes
of chronoquantum modelling
of processes temporally localizations
of microobjects in boundaries chosen TEEC develop.
New representations for chronoquantum operators
- Lagrangians are introduced and considered discretely - temporally formalisms
for quantum mechanical Schrödinger equations.
Then properties of wave
functions, as solutions of chronophysical analogs
of Schrödinger equations are considered. Based on the obtained outcomes
comparisons and conclusions about applicability of a principle of superposition
of chronoquantum conditions
are done.
The quantum mechanical exposition of
behaviour of microparticles is based on several fundamental conclusions among
which the major are principles of a wave -
corpuscle duality and uncertainty principle:
Δp Δx ~ ΔE Δt ~ h(e) h(t);
(1)
where p
- impulse;
x -
coordinate; E
- an energy; t
- time; h(e)
- energyquantum;
h(t) -
chronoquantum. According
to (1) velocity, as well as impulse of a particle cannot have a defined value
simultaneously with its coordinates. However, in a chronoquantum
mechanics the velocity increased on a chronoquantum
element of time gives transition of microobjects, as
magnitude obviously smaller the Planck length compared to a fundamental metric
size of a space cell [5].
Therefore lack at a particle of a velocity simultaneously with coordinates means,
that if the position of a particle is localized in the present instant through
chronoquantum of its
coordinate will already not have any defined value. In a frame of reference of
the given localization there is only some probability of a determination of a
particle in this or that point of space, hence, the concept of a trajectory
loses the sense. Purely on other the situation will look on the part of the
foreign "timeless" observer, for him passage of microobjects to new
parameters will mean its localization in next TEEC. The quantum mechanical wave
psi-function, which quadrate of the module gives a probability distribution of a
determination of microparticles in space, too reinterprets
in chronophysics,
as assigning probability of localization of microobjects on chosen TEEC.
Accordingly, amplitudes of TEEC probability -
in an operational aspect [6] will look like localizations
{T(b)} = <T(b)|T(a, b)|T(a)> = S
<T(b)|T(i)> <T(i)|T(a, b)|T(j)> <T(j)|T(a)>; <T(b)|T(a)>
= S <T(b)|T(b-a)> <T(b-a)|T(a)>; (2)
where T(a),
T(a. b),
T(b), T(i),
T(j) -
the TEEC of final, transitional and intermediate conditions, accordingly;
i =
a, b-a,
b, …, (b > a)
- sequence of TEEC.
Amplitudes of probability of TEEC processes
of localizations (2) in
a complex conjugate to amplitudes of inverse passages and from the point of view
of the nonrelativistic quantum mechanical analysis represent outcome of an
approximation for infinitesimal intervals of time. From relations (2) follows,
those probability processes of localization on intermediate TEEC
are described by the following equalities:
<T(b)|T(a)> = S
<T(b)|T(i)> <T(i)|T(a)>; <T(j)|T(i)> = d(j,i); <T(b)|T(j)>
= S <T(b)|T(i)> <T(i)|T(j)>; (3)
where E,
t -
an energy and time of existential localization; d(j,
i) - a Kronecker's delta.
In the classical quantum theory, the wave
psi-function defines a condition of a system on all a time interval of its
existence. From here it is usually concluded, that the derivative on time from a
wave psi-function should be determined by a value of function:
dψ /dt = <L>ψ = (2π i
/ h) dS /dt = (2π
i / h) <H>ψ; (4)
where <L>,
<H> and
S -
quantum mechanical analogs of operators of Lagrange, Hamilton and a mechanical
operation. The differential relation (4) is the basic equation of a quantum
mechanics. At full identification of an aspect of a quantum mechanical
Hamiltonian it is considered, that the equation (4) defines wave psi-functions
of the given physical microsystem. Discretely - temporally aspects of a quantum
mechanical Lagrangians can be installed at passage to quasi-classical
approximation of some wave function
ψ = const exp[ i S / h(e) h(t)]; <L(d)>ψ
= Δψ / h(t) = [2π i / h(t) h(e)] ΔS / h(t) = [2π i / h(t)
h(e)] <H(d)>ψ. (5)
The obtained outcome is similar to a common
quantum mechanical principle of operational representation of physical
magnitudes. It can be interpreted as
comparison to any microobjects of a chronodynamic operator,
a defining condition of its localization on chosen TEEC. Relations (5) contain
discretely - temporally a
pre-image of the basic analytical forms of a quantum mechanics
- Schrödinger
equations in various representations.
One of research's directions is the chronophysics
of perfect vacuum completed by subelementary virtual
particles. Aspects of detailed elaboration of solutions in the given problematic
are connected to an extension of a definition of a chronoquantum
Hamiltonian of free particles as
<H(d)> = const [h(t) h(e)]^2 <L(d)>.
(6)
It is obvious, that common chronowave
equation of an aspect (5) with Lagrangians (6) similarly classical image of a
Schrödinger equations for a free particle with the solutions connecting wave
- corpuscle performances through chronoquantum
parameters. In classical representations of a quantum
mechanics, wave function should be univalent, continuous, and final in all
metric space. The Schrödinger equations for a free particle have the
corresponding final solutions including a continuous spectrum of energies. The
connected particles satisfy to conditions of final solutions at a discrete power
spectrum. At multiparticle ensemble of the interconnected microparticles, a full
gang of coordinates in multivariate configuration space determines wave function.
Passing to a chronoquantum mechanics,
it is possible to notice, that the continuous spectrum of microparticles
corresponds them localization in boundaries defined TEEC
at determination of their world lines. It follows, as
from common principles of chronodynamic digitization
of space of physical events, and from interpretation
of their quantum mechanical analogs:
|T(b)> = S |T(i)>
C(i); C(i) = <T(i)|T(b)>; |T(a)> = S |T(i)>D(i);
D(i) = <T(i)|T(a)>; <T(b)|T(A)T(B)|T(a)> = S
<T(b)|T(i)> <T(i)|T(A)|T(j)> <T(j)|T(B)|T(z)> <T(z)|T(a)>;
(7)
here C(i),
D(i) -
populations of base quantum mechanical realizations in
chronoquantum representation
for localizations on next TEEC; Ò(À)
and Ò(Â)
- the chosen frame of references. The equations (7)
illustrate the principle of a chronodynamic relativism
consisting in various levels of identification of microsystem depending on an
aspect of a frame of reference. Formulas (2),
(3) and (7) it is possible to interpret in language of psi-functions through
concept of amplitude of probability of localization of some TEEC. Localization
in next TEEC will be
described by a linear combination, defining realization of the following linear
combination of psi-functions:
ψ = const(1) ψ(1) + const(2) ψ(2).
(8)
The formula (8) defines a principle of
superposition of chronoquantum conditions.
As modelling representation it can correspond to property of chronowave
functions "to sew together" next TEEC
in uniform chronodynamic
structure. Nevertheless, it is possible to assume
existence of group discretely - temporally models
where the given property is not strictly obligatory. From a relation (8) follows,
that
|ψ|^2 = |const(1)|^2 |ψ(1)|^2 + |const(2)|^2
|ψ(2)|^2 + {const(1)* const(2) ψ(1)* ψ(2)* + const(1) const(2)*
ψ(1) ψ(2)*}. (9)
The given amplitude can vary depending on a
position of object on a straight line of substantial time. Thus, the amplitude
of each full localization will be proportional to amplitudes of localizations on
the next envelopes, increased on a series of weight factors:
T(b) = S <T(i)|U(b
– a)|T(j)> T(a) = S {d(i, j) – const H[T(a)]
(b – a)} T(a); (10)
In the most common sense of the equation
(10) define
chronodynamic of quantum-temporal mechanics.
Proceeding from the interpretations earlier
obtained discretely - temporally [2,
3] the basic equations
of a quantum mechanics for a trance-temporally a matrix it is possible to enter
correctly enough concepts about an one-dimensional linearization of strictly
sequential developing TEEC:
<T(b)|T(b-a)|T(a)> = <T(n+1)|T(n)|T(n-1)>
=> |T(b-a)> = S |T(n)> <T(n)|T(b-a)> =
S |T(n)> C(n). (11)
It is known, that properties of the wave
functions satisfying solutions of a Schrödinger equations, have common
character, including uniqueness, a continuity and a finiteness. For chronoquantum
physics, it means an identification of a frame of
reference with some chosen of TEEC. Then the Schrödinger equations for a
free particle will have a solution at any positive and zero value of an energy,
making a continuous power spectrum. In case of the connected particle, the
quantum theory predicts presence of a discrete spectrum, at wave function of
points of multivariate configuration space. Here the direct analogy between
localization's processes
on strict sequence of TEEC is
observed. Conceptually - logic connections between next TEEC
are based on analog of a principle of superposition of
psi-functions, the following from (8) and (9). Owing to an operation of the
given principle, a Hamiltonian of a linear wave equation of the closed system is
inversion of a frame. The operational invariance of a reflection in quantum
physics reduces in a conservation law of parity of a quantum condition. The
conservation law of parity determines inversion of
psi-functions; transduce
them on even and odd. A conservation law of parity it
is partial regulates probability of a generation - dissipation of the closed
systems with preservation of a moment. Together with a indistinguishability
principle for microparticles quantum conservation laws govern appearances the
trance - localization appearing for the detached onlooker as temporal change of
real events. The dislocation of
adequate microobjects in boundaries of an arbitrary dual system will reduce to
ψ[j (1), j
(2)] = exp(i a) ψ[j (2), j
(1)] = exp(2 i a) ψ[j (1), j
(2)] = ± ψ[j (2), j
(1)], (12)
where j
(1), j (2)
- populations of coordinates and spins of
microparticles. The relation (12) shows, which the system of two identical
particles can be, described anti -
and symmetric transformation by
psi-functions. In quantum terms, the symmetry of psi-functions is defined to a
floor - or the whole spin of particles. To the particles possessing a
half-integer spin, antisymmetric psi-functions are compared, and with particles
to the whole spin - symmetric. Accordingly, wave function of a dual system
(12) signs
the following aspect
ψ[j (1), j
(2)] ~ ψ{n[j (1)]} ψ{k[j
(2)]} ± ψ{n[j (2)]}
ψ{n[j (1)]}. (13)
The considered group of chrono-quantum
principles of temporally
digitization of a continuum naturally should be spread
and to physical vacuum, for example in representation of Dirac. Under the theory
of Dirac of property of physical space were determined by vacuum as a world
material phone. In a modern quantum mechanics, all elementary particles are
considered as quantums of corresponding field structures, which for a physical
system of vacuum is interpreted, as a population of fields without real
particles. It is known, that under laws of a quantum mechanics for any field
oscillations are characteristic. In case of perfect vacuum, it will be "zero
oscillations" accompanying with a birth and vanishing of virtual particles,
corresponding to the nature of each concrete field. Realization of a universal
conservation law of an energy demands for the given virtual particles of
observance of fundamental property of a basic not - observability for the
account of specifically short time of life. According to principles of chronoquantum
physics, it can mean presence a trance-virtual
localization on the temporal distance
dividing next TEEC. Macroscopic display of virtual
properties of perfect vacuum probably only in
the image in effects of Lamb - Rutherford shift
of atom's lines levels, attractions of plates in deep vacuum, the anomalous
magnetic moment of electrons and interactions of photons.
The obtained outcomes (3 - 5) for a chrono-dynamic
linearization of localization of microplants in view
of influence of virtual particles of physical vacuum will gain a final aspect:
<T(b)|X|T(b-a)|Y|T(a)> = <T(n+1)|T(n+1/2)|T(n)|T(n-1/2)|T(n-1)>;
(14)
where X
and Y
- a trance-temporally factors
of virtual localization; T(n+1/2)
and T(n-1/2)
- corresponding virtual TEEC. Thus, virtual properties
of physical vacuum it is possible to describe in terms of chronodynamic
localization, switching it in the common circuit of
temporal digitization.
The physics of virtual particles supposes
their origin not only in vacuum. It is considered, that they constantly arise
and disappear near to elementary particles and at their interaction. Thus,
virtual elementary electrocharges act virtual positrons and ýëåêòðîíû,
polarizing enclosing vacuum. Because of polarization of vacuum around of the
charged particles there is the multilayer pulsing charged envelope connected to
them reducing their effective charges that are exhibited in macroscopic effects
of interpartial interaction. It is possible to count other important corollaries
of appearances of quantum chrono-digitization
tunneling and superconductivity. All this confirms
necessity of introduction virtual the TEEC, for their participation in
interpretation of chrono-physical digitization.
REFERENCES
1. Feygin O.O. Discrete - temporal model of
Universe // SciTecLibrary. com. 2003. - http://www.sciteclibrary.ru/eng/catalog/pages/5159.html
2. Feygin O.O. Discrete principles of
quantum chronodynamic // Ibid. - http://www.sciteclibrary.ru/eng/catalog/pages/5200.html
3. Feygin O.O. Quantum-theoretical
chrono-discretization // Ibid. - http://www.sciteclibrary.ru/eng/catalog/pages/5201.html
4. Feygin O.O. Cosmological principles of
quantum chronophysics // Ibid. - http://www.sciteclibrary.ru/eng/catalog/pages/5296.html
5. Feygin O.O. Chronodynamic
reinterpretation of Planck’s lengths // Ibid. - http://www.sciteclibrary.ru/eng/catalog/pages/5348.html
6. Feygin O.O. Temporal quantum functionals
// Ibid. - http://www.sciteclibrary.ru/eng/catalog/pages/5658.html
7. Feygin O.O. Concepts of quantums
chronophysics // Ibid. - http://www.sciteclibrary.ru/eng/catalog/pages/5813.html
8. Feygin O.O. Mechanics of chrono-quantums
// Ibid. - http://www.sciteclibrary.ru/eng/catalog/pages/5978.html
9. Feygin O.O.
Quantum temporallogy // Ibid. - http://www.sciteclibrary.ru/eng/catalog/pages/6375.html
Publishing date: February 17, 2004
Source: SciTecLibrary.ru
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