Multifunctional Composite Environmentally-Clean Re - Protective Materials

А new class of multifunctional constructive, structure-facing and facing composite environmentally clean Re-protective materials has been developed for manufacturing elements of Re-emitting equipment and devices for group and individual biological Re- protection of premises.

1. Excluding full use of lead and its compounds;

2. Making simpler and cheaper the technology of manufacturing and design of Re-emitting equipment elements;

3. Making construction and re-construction of systems for biological protection of medical and industrial premises containing Re-equipment (Re-rooms, atomic power stations, etc.) substantially cheaper;

4. Excluding pollution from industrial areas and nearby space from industrial wastes containing lead and its derivatives, as well as acid vapors, etc.;

5. Entering the market with environmentally-clean products not containing lead.

Elements of Re-emitting equipment and, correspondingly, its protective elements are structurally and technologically complicated. Usually a metal body having a complicated geometrical shape is faced from inside with lead sheets. The work requires exact cutting of thin-walled elements, their thorough adjustment and then welding of the body and soldering of lead facing inside the body. A large quantity of noxious gases and acid vapors is given off during welding and especially soldering. The surrounding space inside and outside the workshop is polluted with lead wastes.

For group and individual personnel protection in Re-rooms and other premises affected with Re- emission, floors and walls throughout the world are built from concrete or plaster produced on the basis of barite fillers, lead sheets or filled rubber.

As compared with other fillers, a large consumption of barite because of its rather low protective capacity (55 mm of Barite correspond to 1 mm of lead) is required for protection, as well as large labor, material and power expenses. Facing of walls with filled rubber or lead results in sharp deterioration of the ecological conditions in the premises. Highly air-tight rubber and lead sheets violate natural ventilation of premises through walls, emit harmful substances into the air, and form lead dust on surfaces. The new materials offered are multifunctional and environmentally-clean.

They may be used as constructive and structure-facing materials for manufacturing elements of Re-emitting equipment, or as facing materials for producing facing tiles or bricks for covering walls and floors of premises. The advantages of these materials include reduction of expenditures for their development and production in various fields, thanks to the universality of their specifications and technology. Such materials are not used in world practice. They are resistant to hostile environments. They make both manufacture and design of Re-equipment elements substantially simpler and cheaper as a result of uniting the "structure-protection" system into one element, and renouncing labor-intensive and environmentally harmful welding and soldering. Then they can make premises protection cost much cheaper (approximately 4 times), which is especially important in medicine and industry because of the great volume of construction. Their porosity (it can be regulated) ensures the same ecological conditions in the premises as do brick walls. Their manufacture requires substantially less power than metals.

1. Lead equivalent >= 2 mm Pb at d <= 13.

2. Lead equivalent-to-sample thickness ratio (K1 = mmPb/mm) >= 0.16

3. Strength Gcompr (MPa) >= 50 Gabrasion (MPa) >= 10

4. Water absorption (%) <= 18

5. Steam permeability (g/mh) >= 0.01

6. Resistance to mineral oils and detergents <= 0.8

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